Metals and non-metals are two categories of elements found on the periodic table.
Metals are elements that have characteristic properties such as good conductivity of heat and electricity, high ductility and malleability, and luster. They are also typically solid at room temperature, except for mercury which is a liquid. Examples of common metals include iron, aluminum, copper, and gold. Metals are used in a variety of applications, including construction, electrical wiring, and coinage.
Non-metals are elements that have properties opposite to those of metals. They are typically poor conductors of heat and electricity, have low ductility and malleability, and are often dull in appearance. Examples of non-metals include carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Non-metals have a variety of uses, including the formation of molecules in living organisms and the production of gases used in industry and agriculture.
The distinction between metals and non-metals is based on their position in the periodic table, with the dividing line being approximately at the stair-step line from boron to astatine. Elements to the left of this line are generally considered metals, while elements to the right are considered non-metals.