The greenhouse effect is a natural process that helps to regulate the temperature of the Earth. Certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases, trap heat from the sun and prevent it from escaping back into space. The most common greenhouse gases are water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and ozone (O3).
The Earth's atmosphere is composed of several gases, and the amount of each gas is carefully balanced to maintain a comfortable temperature for life on Earth. However, human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes have led to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This increase in greenhouse gases causes more heat to be trapped, leading to a rise in global temperatures, known as global warming.
The greenhouse effect and global warming have a variety of negative impacts on the environment and human society. These include more frequent and severe heat waves, droughts, and extreme weather events, as well as rising sea levels and an increase in the frequency and severity of natural disasters. Additionally, global warming can change the distribution of plant and animal species and disrupt ecosystems, and it can also have negative impacts on human health and food security.